Scoliosis frequently occurs in children with cerebral palsy, with increasing incidence in nonambulatory patients (GMFCS levels IV and V). Scoliosis in this population can be progressive and severe and have negative consequences on the quality of life, including increased rates of pain, restrictive lung disease and possibly reduced life expectancy. When indicated, posterior spinal fusion surgery is a reliable and reproducibly successful treatment method to prevent deformity progression. With spinal fusion, complication rates, namely deep surgical site infection rates, are high. However, spine fusion for neuromuscular scoliosis in cerebral palsy has been durably demonstrated to improve the quality of life of patients, family and/or caretakers. This chapter has been in all fields revised.