Cerebral palsy (CP) is a term that has been applied over the years to a group of children with motor disability and related service requirements. One of the oldest and probably well-known examples of CP is the mummy of the Pharaoh Siptah (1196–1190 B.C). The first conceptions of CP and our knowledge about etiology and pathogeny allow us to assume that CP existed in the Ancient World. Although there is lack of detailed medical descriptions from before the nineteenth century. Mentions to CP can be found in representational art, literary sources, and paleopathology. In the Ancient World, the first medical description of CP was made by Hippocrates in his work Corpus Hippocraticum. Concrete examples and definitions of CP, however, did not emerge until the early nineteenth century with observations by William John Little. Toward the end of the nineteenth century, four more personalities emerged, adding to the historical hallmarks of CP: William Osler, Sigmund Freud, Sarah McNutt, and William Richard Gowers. The significant developments that have followed since then are all due to the contributions of these five personalities in the field of CP. The chapter is in all historical fields up to this day revised.