Unlocking Wind Energy Potential in India’s Coastal Region: A Climate Change Resilience Assessment

India is targeting carbon neutrality by 2070 and is increasing its reliance on renewable energy, particularly wind. With 10% of India’s installed power capacity and 41% of renewable energy being wind, the government aims to develop 30 GW of offshore wind farms by 2030, necessitating an assessment of wind energy potential and climate change sensitivity. Offshore wind energy potential and susceptibility to climate change in the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) were studied using regional climate models and ensembles. Wind resource variations, trends, and technical wind power potential annually and seasonally were analyzed by developing a dataset using suitable climate models. Additionally, the impact of climate change on offshore wind energy and its potential to mitigate CO2 emissions were evaluated. The study found that the Indian EEZ possesses significant potential for offshore wind energy development. The research outcome indicates that wind farms deployed in areas with depths under 50 m could lower CO2 emissions by 333.2 million tons, equivalent to the amount generated from coal combustion during the financial year 2020–21. The study highlights the need for further research and analysis to support informed decision-making and sustainable resource development.