The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 profoundly altered the landscape of mosque institutions in Malaysia. The imposition of stringent measures, including the closure of mosques, limited congregations, and the postponement of Friday and tarawih prayers, aimed to curb the spread of the lethal virus. Social distancing protocols significantly hampered traditional activities, leading to a decrease in sadaqah collection and a noticeable reduction in knowledge-based programs and Islamic teachings. This study focuses on the diverse categories of mosques in Malaysia, each governed by distinct structures, that affect resource availability and accessibility. Urban, semi-urban, and rural mosques, coupled with varying stakeholder support, present a nuanced picture of the challenges faced during the pandemic. The research employs an online survey involving committee members and officers from six mosque types in the district of Sepang, Selangor. The analysis underscores the moderate impact of the pandemic and movement restrictions on the activism, financial standing, and digital engagement of mosque institutions. Notably, significant differences among mosque types are revealed through ANOVA analysis and the Independent Samples Kruskal-Wallis Test, particularly in terms of activism and financial resilience. The findings underscore the imperative need for strengthening digital capabilities to enhance mosque institutions’ preparedness for future crises. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights that can inform Islamic Religious Councils and Departments in designing advanced training and development modules. These modules, focusing on activism, financial management, and digital literacy, are essential for mosque committee members and officers, ensuring their readiness to navigate and effectively respond to challenges brought about by unforeseen crises.