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So far, we have learned how to model “simple systems” and find equilibrium conditions. This chapter will show how to model and find equilibrium conditions for more complex systems, particularly, for systems under the influence of external fields such as gravity and electrical fileds.

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Modelling Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Dongqing Li

摘要

So far, we have learned how to model “simple systems” and find equilibrium conditions. This chapter will show how to model and find equilibrium conditions for more complex systems, particularly, for systems under the influence of external fields such as gravity and electrical fileds.