It is part of the history of humans that they were fascinated by the motion of fluids in creeks, rivers and channels and the movement of bodies in fluids like boats and ships. They have thought and speculated about the properties and principles of such motions. This has led to the physical discipline hydrodynamics. The same was true for some matters of classical mechanics like a rock riprap or simply a falling rock. A long tradition also have the disciplines acoustics beginning with the work of Pythagoras (570–500? B.C.) and optics with which Euclid (about 300 B.C.) was firstly concerned. But other physical disciplines like electrodynamics, thermodynamics and the very modern quantum mechanics and solid-state physics etc. were very far away to play a role in the life of the inhabitants of the ancient world. Hydrodynamics has a long history and the first laws were established hundreds of years before Christ. In this chapter, we highlight the growth of the physical discipline hydrodynamics from antiquity until our days. During this race we encounter outstanding persons with decisive contributions to the scientific disciplines of nature in particular the fluid mechanics. In Chap. 18 , twenty five of these scientists are portrayed.