Revolutionizing Organic Product Traceability: Utilizing Smart Contracts, NFT, IPFS and Distributed Ledgers for Transparent Organic Products Supply Chains

This paper explores the integration of blockchain technology, smart contracts, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) into the supply chain management of organic products to address challenges in transparency, ethical sourcing, and sustainability. Traditional supply chain models often lack the capacity for full traceability and transparency, vital for maintaining consumer trust and upholding ethical standards. By implementing a blockchain-based framework, our study aims to overcome these limitations, offering a solution that ensures data integrity and transparency from the point of origin to the consumer. We evaluate the system’s functionality on four EVM-compatible blockchain platforms-Binance Smart Chain, Polygon, Fantom, and Celo-to assess their suitability for the organic products supply chain in terms of speed, efficiency, reliability, and economic viability. Our findings highlight the potential of blockchain and related technologies to revolutionize supply chain management, making it more transparent, efficient, and equitable for all stakeholders involved.