Efforts to mitigate global biodiversity loss have been focusing on the preservation of large and undisturbed natural habitats. However, it is necessary to thoroughly address biodiversity preservation in urban environments. The Cerrado biome is a global biodiversity hotspot that covers ¼ of Brazilian territory. The accelerated devastation of this biome highlights the urgent need to protect the fragments which remain within the urban environment. The current study identified birdBirds species, and their feeding guilds, in an urban Cerrado fragment (area = 146 hectares) in the Brazilian city of Rondonópolis (MT). The herein adopted methodologies comprised fixed points and line transects. Data collections were carried out from November 2017 to January 2018; they took 38 h 47 min of sampling effort, in total. There were differences among the four analyzed forest fragment habitats with emphasis on significant differences between species abundance, based on food type and habitat. The floodplain area of the investigated fragment recorded a larger number of bird species and birds. In total, 127 species were recorded in this environment; corresponding to approximately 15% of the Cerrado’s avifauna. One migratory, two endemic and four endangered species were observed. Results in the current study played an essential role in the process to convert the investigated forest fragment into a legally protected area, the Municipal Natural Park of Rondonópolis.