The current research explores the association among gender diversity, board characteristics, and company performance in Palestinian industrial firms listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange (PSE). It delves into a context lacking regulations for female board representation and shaped by socio-political factors influencing gender dynamics. The study sample consisted of 13 firms listed on the PSE for the period 2015–2022. The research employed a descriptive and analytical approach, utilizing various statistical methodologies including descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Findings showed that there is a positive relationship between the independence of the board of directors and the firm’s performance. Additionally, cultural diversity and corporate transparency were identified as relevant factors. This research suggests that it is important to give a deeper understanding of how gender diversity impacts organizational success in specific social and economic situations. This information can then be used by stakeholders and policymakers to make informed decisions that aim to increase corporate performance and market evaluation.