Standards and Technologies for Remote Laboratories

In this paper, a generic introduction and system architecture on the topic of Remote Laboratories (RL) is presented. The introduction reveals the need for a generic standard required for the design and implementation of Remote Laboratories. The IEEE 1876-2019 Standard for Networked Smart Learning Objects for Online Laboratories, is currently the most appropriate to this end. But IEEE 1876-2019 introduces a standardized ecosystem for remote labs, which is based on additional standards that are also presented in this chapter. These include the IEEE 9274.1.1-2023, also known as Experience API, and the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) core specification. Additionally, in this chapter some Remote Laboratories Management Systems (RLMS), found in the literature, are presented, which are considered important in the context of RLs, since they contribute to the dissemination of the RLs, and host crucial services, such as booking systems, and services for users’ authentication and authorization. To support our presentation related literature is discussed, where works on Remote Laboratories that have adopted such a standardized approach are presented.