Development of Computational Numerical Models in the Analysis of Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Under NCAP Conditions

This scientific research aims to evaluate passive safety criteria in bumper design through computational numerical simulation, specifically focusing on the impact of light vehicle collisions with pedestrians. The study employs a methodology structured in four stages. Initially, test specimens are analyzed and modeled, followed by validation through numerical comparisons with real tests under ASTM standards. The bumper design process involves selecting a vehicle, modeling its protector, and configuring specific materials. Simulation parameters for impact are defined based on VRU 2022 test protocols. Computational costs are mitigated by utilizing a simplified vehicle and bumper model, with validation confirming compliance with NCAP regulations. The impact simulation reveals significant displacements and forces at the bumper-pedestrian leg contact point, indicating effective energy absorption and reduced risk of severe injuries. The pedestrian deformation zone aligns with established temporal ranges from previous research. The findings emphasize the suitability of the simplified model and materials in meeting safety regulations for vehicle-pedestrian collisions. The study underscores the importance of establishing a baseline with commonly used bumper materials, facilitating compliance validation and ensuring vehicle homologation in terms of safety. Overall, this research contributes a comprehensive methodology for analyzing and simulating vehicle-pedestrian collisions, with practical implications for enhancing pedestrian safety in the design and manufacturing of vehicle bumpers.