Biomechanical Ergonomic Risks in Flatbed Machine Operators in the Garment Industry in Ecuador

The synthetic and analytical research relates dysergonomic and biomechanical risk in workers in the garment industry in Ecuador. The work cycles in each musculoskeletal movement are identified and analysed by means of the work-related risk factor-RF. By applying the methods, the evaluation of the level of risk-NR was determined, estimating the pathological symptomatology in 133 flatbed machine operators; allowing quantitative and descriptive results to be obtained for the NR of exposure-NrE; these symptomatology indexes in the upper limbs were reflected in both genders, the female with > 64.3%, while in men < 35.7%, in relation to wrist rotation, in women > 53.3%, and men with < 46.7%, while in hand-wrists, women with > 61.9%, and men with < 38.1%. Conclusions, these working conditions represent the main cause of absenteeism and incapacity for work, being responsible for a high number of musculoskeletal occupational diseases. In conclusion, the definition of a management system in ergonomics with emphasis on postural biometry, it was possible to define several aspects of prevention, health and occupational medicine, based on an epidemiological surveillance plan in ergonomics that improves the productivity and well-being of workers in the garment manufacturing sector.