Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment as a Tool for Businesses in a Circular Economy: Business Examples from Egypt
摘要
Life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) acts as a tool to implement circular economy in the supply chain and achieve a more sustainable business model. Therefore, this chapter explains the different phases of the LCSA: design, extraction of raw materials, manufacturing, packaging, distributing, product use and end-of-life. It also provides examples of businesses that embed sustainability practices under each of these phases by cutting inputs such as energy, water and materials or outputs such as greenhouse gas emissions and waste, as well as how these practices cut costs or increase revenues. Furthermore, this chapter demonstrates business models that are originally built on incorporating sustainability within their core activities, highlighting which phases of their supply chain target sustainability. The provided examples are real-life businesses of different sizes and types from a variety of industry sectors. They mainly operate in Egypt, whether local or multinational companies.