This chapter gives a systematic assessment of present evidence with respect to the impacts of noise, particularly aircraft noise on students’ learning performance. Areas covered includes children’s performance in auditory, non-auditory tasks, and children’s cognitive development. The evidence available suggests that aircraft noise has a significant impact on children’s learning, particularly older children are affected than younger children. The findings indicate that the effects of aircraft noise appear to be long term, leading to reduced memory, motivation, and abilities in reading and writing. These results provide further evidence of the detrimental impact of aircraft noise upon children at school, which required an appropriate acoustic design and collaboration between multi-sectors to minimise these effects.