This chapter presents the basic principles of air traffic management (ATM), especially air traffic control operations, performance-based navigation schemes, and how they can correlate to sustainability and create viable aviation activities. The current chapter is part of a wider research study that shows what are the essential elements for creating a sustainability framework through a training process. Identification of the primary ATM principles and professional activities, in link with sustainability and what sustainability means for ATM, is one of the elements elaborated in the case study/training provided in ATM professionals. Presenting sustainability in the boundaries of ATM operations makes trainees more open and assertive to accept sustainability as a new concept for their professional tasks.