Bone Resection and Reshaping in FAI

Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a motion conflict phenomenon wherein the aspherical portion of the femoral head–neck junction produces abnormal contact forces at the articular chondrolabral margin resulting in labral and chondral damage. Pincer impingement can be caused by abnormalities of the acetabulum (i.e., partial or circular bony overcoverage in an otherwise normally oriented acetabulum or excessive anterior coverage of the head in acetabular retroversion), or femoral torsional deformity where the femoral neck impinges against the acetabular rim and labrum. Surgical treatment of FAI aims at restoring normal femoral head–neck offset and/or physiologic acetabular coverage and repair/debridement of damaged chondrolabral tissue. Restoring normal femoral torsion and acetabular orientation by osteotomies may also be indicated to treat FAI.