This chapter aims to introduce the reader to the importance of bugs from the Triatominae subfamily, which transmit the parasite that causes Chagas disease. It discusses the role of genomics in advancing our understanding of triatomines’ biology, and how this knowledge could be involved in the improvement of vector control strategies, toward ending the vectorial transmission of this neglected disease. Genomics of Triatominae includes insights from their mitochondrial genomes—mitogenomes—highlighting their structure and genetic variations, as a means to explore triatomine diversity and evolutionary history. The chapter further examines whole genome sequencing and analyses of Triatominae, demonstrating how comprehensive genomic data can illuminate aspects such as their physiology, biochemistry, and phylogenetic relations. By reviewing the available data, we discuss the quality of genome assemblies and the technologies used. The functional genomics section addresses key areas such as behavior, digestion, metabolism, immunity, and insecticide resistance, emphasizing the genetic basis of these crucial traits. Additionally, the chapter discusses the repetitive DNA elements of the genome—the repeatome—and its role in genome structure. Finally, the phylogenomics section integrates genomic data to resolve evolutionary relationships within Triatominae, enhancing our understanding of the taxonomy and evolution of these insects.