Otto Rank (1884–1939) was a Viennese psychoanalyst who, from 1906 to 1926, became an intimate collaborator of Sigmund Freud. He contributed to the institutional development of psychoanalysis as secretary of the Wednesday Psychological Society and served as editor of the official publications of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, Imago and Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse. He also produced a prolific theoretical oeuvre in which he forged intersections between psychoanalysis and adjacent fields such as literature, myth, and philosophy. His book The Trauma of Birth (1924) marked a significant theoretical and technical departure from Freud, provoked a controversy that ultimately led to Rank’s definitive break with the psychoanalytic movement, and occasioned his elaboration of a new conception of psychotherapy centered on the will. Thereafter, he practiced clinically in France and the United States, where he broadened the reach of his proposals into art, philosophy, psychology, and social work.