Behavior settings, the fundamental construct of Roger G. Barker’s ecological psychology, are socio-physical integrated systems with specified time and spatial limits that direct individual behaviors through developed programs. Quasi-stable systems of control of behavior by environment and role (synomorphy) was the original view of behavior settings. Contemporary reinterpretations emphasize dynamic social interaction, meaning negotiations, power relations, and trans-historical change. Allan W. Wicker advanced the construct further with the addition of occupants’ subjective emotional experience within behavior settings. Contemporary theoretical contributions like complex systems theory illuminate behavior settings as emergent systems that self-organize and offer further support for the construct’s relevance in the context of ecological psychology.