Decision-making is the cognitive and affective process by which agents select among alternatives, thereby committing to a course of action. Rooted in philosophical traditions of rational deliberation, the concept of decision-making has evolved into a complex object of study across multiple disciplines. While classical models emphasized logic and utility maximization, contemporary perspectives highlight bounded rationality, cognitive heuristics, and the central role of emotion. Empirical advances have deepened our understanding of decision processes, revealing them as a dynamic interplay among cognitive, emotional, and contextual factors.