Application of Industry 4.0 Technologies for Transparency of Sustainability Data in Multi-tiered Manufacturing Supply Chains

Considering the importance of sustainability, current trends in both research and policy show that there is a need for significant progress in transparently sharing relevant information with all stakeholders. This paper investigates how Industry 4.0 technologies can enhance transparency in the manufacturing sector's multi-tiered supply chains, with a focus on sustainability data. The authors utilize a systematic literature review (SLR), to analyze publications and to identify relevant studies. The paper reveals that modern manufacturing supply chains lack transparency, especially beyond the first-tier suppliers, making sustainability assessment challenging. It emphasizes the increasing demand from stakeholders for transparency in supply chain sustainability. The findings highlight the role of transparency technologies such as IoT and Blockchain in achieving this goal. IoT's ability to capture real-time sustainability data and Blockchain's potential for secure, immutable data sharing are pivotal in enhancing supply chain transparency. Furthermore, the challenges and limitations in adopting these technologies, such as data security and stakeholder reluctance are discussed. Ultimately, the paper proposes a conceptual framework for applying Industry 4.0 technologies in the manufacturing sector. This framework aims to improve transparency and facilitate the integration of transparent practices, aligning with global sustainability goals and regulations. The study's insights are valuable for researchers, policymakers, and industry practitioners, offering a starting point for advancing sustainable and transparent supply chains.