Nature-based solutions (NBS), are known for their multiple benefits such as their potential to improve air quality and reduce temperature. Thus, NBS can provide answers to challenges that urban areas are facing, associated with urban densification and climate change. This study aims to assess how NBS can contribute to climate change adaptation, focusing on temperature attenuation and air quality improvement. To this end the following research questions were addressed: How is an urban area characterized in terms of meteorology, atmospheric emissions, and air quality? How is climate change foreseen at the city level? and What will be the impact of NBS under foreseen climate change? The state-of-the-art WRF-CHEM air quality modelling system was applied with a spatial resolution of 1 km2 for representative years of the recent past and of the medium-term future based on the RCP4.5 scenario. The considered NBS were co-defined with city stakeholders considering the municipalities’ aspirations and challenges. Model results indicate that: (i) the NBS impact on temperature reduction is stronger than the impact on air quality; (ii) NBS promote an increase in NO2 and a decrease in O3 concentrations; (iii) NBS have a stronger impact during warmer months; and (iv) NBS can help adapt to climate change by offsetting projected temperature increases. These results corroborate that NBS can contribute to climate change adaptation and reinforce the importance of accessing case-specific solutions, considering environmental characteristics and challenges.