Smart Home as a Source of Clean Energy (KNX and IoT in Amman Residence as a Case Study)

The production of clean energy stands as one of the foremost objectives for sustainable and smart cities in both the present and the future. Smart homes serve as the fundamental building blocks for creating these cities and have played a pivotal role in generating clean energy. The goal of the current study is to examine the benefits and drawbacks of two protocols—KNX Presence, and IoT—that are used in Jordanian smart homes in conjunction with smart devices as sustainable energy sources. The study employs a descriptive comparative and analytical approach, utilizing two case studies conducted in different years. The first case involved a villa in Amman, located in the Al Jubaiha region, which employed the KNX and Presence protocols in 2011. The second case study took place in the Al Naber Residential Building, comprising six flats, in 2022. Data was gathered continuous monitoring of monthly electricity consumption. This information sheds light on the role of sensor systems used in these two smart case studies in producing clean energy and conserving household energy. In conclusion, the research yielded significant findings. The use of KNX and Presence protocols in smart home devices (such as central control devices for lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, doors, and safety locks for gates) contributed to the generation of clean energy, increased comfort, and enhanced safety for the residents. However, it is worth noting that this approach is comparatively more costly than protocols like IoT. On the other hand, even though IoT is more affordable, it still needs a more reliable infrastructure.