The integration of emerging technologies in educational contexts has evolved significantly over recent decades, extending from basic multimedia applications to advanced virtual reality and, more recently, text-generating artificial intelligence (AI). This chapter explores the competencies needed to effectively use AI in educational contexts, with an emphasis on transforming and extending traditional cognitive and metacognitive skills. We begin by examining the traditional learning process to establish a basic understanding, followed by a discussion of how these processes are redefined when AI is incorporated. We focus on how AI affects both the object level, where AI assists in the processing of learning content, and the meta level, where AI assists in the regulation and monitoring of learning strategies. Through this discussion, we highlight the need for educators and learners to develop specific competencies to maximize the potential of AI as a supportive tool rather than a replacement for human cognitive effort. The implications for future educational practices, the role of educators, and the design of AI-supported learning environments are explored, suggesting a greater focus on learning processes rather than just learning outcomes. Significant changes in education systems are needed to leverage the full potential of AI, advocating a balance between technology and traditional educational values to improve teaching and learning.