Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)

This chapter introduces diffusion tensor imaging, which is arguably one of the most established applications of diffusion MRI. Having introduced the concept of diffusion anisotropy, we will explain the mathematical formalism behind the tensor and commonly derived metrics, such as the fractional anisotropy and the mean diffusivity. Having covered the assumptions and limitations of the tensor model, and discussed possible confounders on its interpretation, we will present some tips and tricks on how to acquire diffusion MRI data for diffusion tensor imaging. Corrections for commonly observed artifacts will also be discussed. Finally, we will present some examples of previous applications of diffusion tensor imaging to the brain and beyond.