Energy Security in the MENA Region

Arafat offers an in-depth analysis of energy security in the MENA region. This chapter draws attention to the various definitions of energy security, the state of energy security in the MENA region, MENA energy threats and challenges, the conflict-energy nexus, and how MENA countries respond to energy insecurity. “Energy Security in the MENA Region” concludes that MENA countries can develop three strategies to address energy insecurity: diversifying energy sources by developing renewable energy such as solar and wind energy, decreasing rising demand by reconsidering subsidized energy pricing, and boosting international collaboration. It also indicates that current energy consumption patterns make Middle Eastern economies among the world’s least efficient. It also concludes that the high reliance on fossil fuels for energy and revenue makes the region more vulnerable to energy revenues economically, fiscally, and environmentally.