This concluding chapter presents the rich tapestry of energy citizenship in Europe. It offers a summary and reflection on the various contexts and conditions for an emerging energy transition identified throughout the previous chapters. Across eight national settings, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, and the Netherlands, many forms of energy citizenship were identified. These include individual and collective, and reformative and transformative forms. This chapter also reflects on the reality that the term “energy citizenship” is not (yet) widely known despite the many forms of it that flourish. The authors, themselves based in eight European countries, have highlighted case studies demonstrating exciting opportunities as well as considering the barriers different forms of energy citizenship encounter in various countries. In concluding this chapter, the authors ask So, what next for Energy Citizenship? and outline a summary of the ways in which energy citizenship initiatives can be supported and further developed. In addition, they highlight the significance of the overall research in providing opportunities to learn from the variety of energy citizenship that is prevalent across Europe. This collection concludes with a final reflection by the authors on the contribution of the overall collection and affirms the importance of sharing national and local experiences and showing case studies of energy citizenship.

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Conclusions and Reflections: The Tapestry of Energy Citizenship Can (and Should) Be Woven by All

  • Edina Vadovics,
  • Marko Hajdinjak,
  • Karin Thalberg,
  • Michael Lydon,
  • Frances Fahy

摘要

This concluding chapter presents the rich tapestry of energy citizenship in Europe. It offers a summary and reflection on the various contexts and conditions for an emerging energy transition identified throughout the previous chapters. Across eight national settings, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, and the Netherlands, many forms of energy citizenship were identified. These include individual and collective, and reformative and transformative forms. This chapter also reflects on the reality that the term “energy citizenship” is not (yet) widely known despite the many forms of it that flourish. The authors, themselves based in eight European countries, have highlighted case studies demonstrating exciting opportunities as well as considering the barriers different forms of energy citizenship encounter in various countries. In concluding this chapter, the authors ask So, what next for Energy Citizenship? and outline a summary of the ways in which energy citizenship initiatives can be supported and further developed. In addition, they highlight the significance of the overall research in providing opportunities to learn from the variety of energy citizenship that is prevalent across Europe. This collection concludes with a final reflection by the authors on the contribution of the overall collection and affirms the importance of sharing national and local experiences and showing case studies of energy citizenship.