A Comparative Analysis of Classical AHP, Fuzzy AHP, and Z-Fuzzy AHP Methods for Flood Risk Assessment in Büyükçekmece District

The flood risk has increased recently as environmental conditions have changed. Identifying risks and making predictions is very critical. In multi-criteria decision-making problems for weighting the data used in natural environment analysis, the expert’s judgments can be expressed with exact numbers. However, it may not be possible to use exact judgments for every situation and the expert’s judgments may contain uncertainties. These uncertainties are also present in the evaluations used to weight the data used in flood analysis and make it difficult to use definitive judgments in these evaluations. In this study, the opinions of experts were evaluated using classical Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) and Z-Fuzzy AHP (Z-FAHP) methods and the data were weighted in order to determine the flood risk of the Büyükçekmece District. In this evaluation process, firstly, exact judgments were made, then judgments expressing uncertainties and finally the reliability of the judgments were made. The focus has been on seven criteria determined according to the situation. Each criteria has been transformed and categorized from raster data. As a result of this study, flood risk assessment conducted with Z-Fuzzy AHP has provided more precise results compared to other methods.