Graves’ Disease
摘要
Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder mainly involving the thyroid gland. GD is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Autoantibodies provoke GD to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), prompting considerable thyroid hormone secretion. In addition, TSHR autoantibodies cause Graves’ ophthalmopathy and pretibial myxedema. Even though the etiology of GD is unsure, some reports suggest a strong genetic factor in conjunction with unpredictable environmental determinants in an immunologically prone subject. Treatment options include antithyroid drugs, radioiodine, or surgery. However, new therapies are currently being evaluated. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to manage all aspects of GD, mainly thyroid eye disease, for which new therapeutic options are now available.