This chapter describes the historical development of our current international human rights frameworks, including examples of different types of violations. It explains how the courts’ understanding of these types of violations has broadened over the years. The phenomenon of psychological trauma is reviewed, including some of its potential causes and manifestations. The specific ways that human rights violations can lead to various types of traumas are detailed and then applied to a case study. Finally, the chapter describes how mental health clinicians can get involved in international human rights work. As our courts and constitutions create more avenues for survivors to challenge the past or ongoing violations of their human rights, legal practitioners and trauma experts should increasingly synthesize their work to create environments that will ensure the psychological well-being of survivors of human rights abuses as they pursue their due justice for the wrongs done to them.