Recent Progress in Wood-Based Bio-nanocomposites and Their Biomedical Applications

In the biomedical field, selecting, synthesizing, changing, and shaping biomaterials are challenging. Some materials that exhibit a hierarchical structure at the nanoscale levels include bone, cartilage, and wood. Owing to their morphological resemblances, lignocellulosic materials can create nanostructured composites that aid in tissue engineering, regeneration, and other biomedical applications. This chapter highlights lignocellulosic materials and their chemical components as possible replacements for developing drug delivery devices, tissue engineering or regenerating bone and cartilage, wound healing and dressing, and medical imaging and diagnostics. Previously, chitosan, nanocellulose, gelatin, and PLA-based bio-nanocomposites were primarily studied for their biomedical application. However, recent improvements in lignocellulosic bio-nanocomposite support promote cell adhesion and proliferation, which are topics of special attention.