Rapid increase in urbanization and mobility demand are rising concerns for the development of sustainable urban areas. Transport infrastructures play a major role in this regard by promoting well-being, social inclusivity, and economic growth. This is true also for road infrastructure. Over the life cycle of a road infrastructure, the operational stage is the longest one and requires continuous maintenance and/or rehabilitation activities to keep the road operating at a satisfactory level of service. Data-driven decisions are essential to assess and evaluate the status of the road network. However, the data-driven decision-making process is not trivial but rather challenging due to the need of balancing multiple road qualities simultaneously. This chapter presents an overview of the road maintenance decision-making process using the Norwegian case as a case study. After presenting a background on monitoring systems and pavement management systems, this chapter focuses on the data-driven decision-making process of the Norwegian national road network. Finally, this chapter discusses the opportunities to better align this decision-making process with the Norwegian transport plan.