Shallow Learning vs. Deep Learning in Finance, Marketing, and e-Commerce

The use of shallow and deep learning applications in finance, marketing, and e-commerce is examined in this chapter. The benefits and drawbacks of using each method in these applications are analyzed. Additionally, insights on how to select the most suitable approach are provided. The effectiveness of different methods will be contrasted. The chapter will end with some observations, suggested unresolved open problems, and possible future research directions. Indeed, this would add to the knowledge, by providing novel thoughts on how we can proceed ahead for future improvements.