Systems for Planning and Operation of Electric Buses for Public Transport of Passengers in Cities

The work examines the state of urban electric transport in Bulgaria, the available vehicles, volume of transport work and the European policy in the field of bus electromobility. The planning process for public urban transport operators transitioning to an electric bus transport fleet is examined, with an overview of vehicle types and charging devices. External costs should be taken into account when operating a mixed bus fleet. Through detailed simulations that calculate different scenarios, the transport operator can make informed decisions about the interworking of the mixed fleet. A multi-criteria linear optimization model with integer variables has been developed for optimal allocation of vehicles at minimum values of costs and harmful emissions along transport routes. This model has been approved for the city of Ruse with a developed Matlab program. The possibilities for the application of intelligent mobility to improve the processes of planning and operation of vehicles have been assessed and a real case study of an integrated intelligent system built in the city of Ruse is indicated to monitor and control vehicles and passengers. The system will serve 392,098 trips per year, 25 routes and 268 stops of urban passenger transport in Ruse.