Many definitions of emergence refer to the properties of models rather than properties of the world. In this chapter, I will argue that this is a mistake. Models use simplifications and abstractions to isolate what is common across different systems. They involve multiple realization, reduced degrees of freedom and the separation between system and environment; many can only be solved by simulation. By necessity, they fit the various definitions of weak emergence. But the map is not the territory, the properties of models are not the properties of the systems they represent. The chapter addresses this question by discussing three modelling strategies: the Thermodynamic Limit, Effective Field Theories and the Renormalization Group Transformation. These are illustrated with a detailed study of the Ising model.

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Weak Emergence: The Map and the Territory

  • Liam Graham

摘要

Many definitions of emergence refer to the properties of models rather than properties of the world. In this chapter, I will argue that this is a mistake. Models use simplifications and abstractions to isolate what is common across different systems. They involve multiple realization, reduced degrees of freedom and the separation between system and environment; many can only be solved by simulation. By necessity, they fit the various definitions of weak emergence. But the map is not the territory, the properties of models are not the properties of the systems they represent. The chapter addresses this question by discussing three modelling strategies: the Thermodynamic Limit, Effective Field Theories and the Renormalization Group Transformation. These are illustrated with a detailed study of the Ising model.