A Survey: Cyber-Security in Connected & Automated Vehicles

The automotive industry’s adoption of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) is a major development with the potential to improve traffic safety, transportation efficiency while offering a variety of mobility alternatives, lowering user costs, and introducing information technology into mobility. And also, penetration of automation and connection increases vulnerability caused by malicious attacks and interventions that create a major risk to driving safety, putting CAVs at hazard for possible security breaches. To review these security problems, this paper elaborates cyber-security in the context of CAVs. Based on communication networks and targets, it divides cyber-security threats and vulnerabilities into three primary categories: vehicle-to-everything communication, in-vehicle network, and other attack types. The study concludes with a comprehensive summary that synthesizes scientific results and outcomes from the reviewed literature.