The distinction between traces and data leads to a corresponding distinction between the space of traces and the data space. The two spaces are separated by a media change. One of the key options that the data space provides is modelling. Working with and on models is ubiquitous in the sciences. In a first approximation, models in the empirical sciences can be addressed as data configurations. Embedded in the experimental process, they exhibit a double face: On the one hand, they represent the epistemic object in the realm of the symbolic, and on the other hand, they function as research tools in that they lead to the identification of knowledge gaps and to the tentative formulation of new research questions. The chapter takes a closer look at early structural and functional models and their interaction, as well as the concept of model organism, and it closes with a note on computer-graphic models and simulations.