Conclusion

International Courts and Tribunals play a pivotal role in the global governance architecture. ICTs, and the ICJ in particular, are not only fora for resolving inter-State bilateral issues but multifunctional actors tasked with protecting and promoting the interests of the international community by developing international law. ICTs are also increasingly tasked with serving broader community interests by participants, evidenced in the use of procedural mechanisms such as amicus curiae, intervention, and the standing of indirectly injured states with respect to obligations erga omnes (partes). Their advisory function might as well advance the development and multilateral enforcement of international public interests.