Conclusion

The conclusion chapter of the book examines the intersection of freedom of expression and international human rights law, with a focus on the European Court of Human Rights jurisprudence. It discusses how Ukrainian law allows for restrictions on freedom of expression to protect national security, territorial integrity, and public order, aligning with ECHR principles despite lacking explicit mention of "necessity in a democratic society." The chapter highlights challenges posed by internet platforms and social networks regarding liability for user-generated content. It underscores the ongoing need for clear legal frameworks to balance free speech with concerns like propaganda and hate speech, especially in contexts of armed conflict or heightened security. Emphasizing the role of social media in both enabling free expression and disseminating harmful content, the chapter calls for robust legal frameworks and international cooperation to uphold human rights standards while addressing contemporary challenges effectively. Overall, it reflects on the evolving landscape of freedom of expression in the digital age, emphasizing the pivotal role of international human rights norms and the European Court of Human rights in shaping global legal standards.