Cluster-Based Routing Protocol Influenced by the Swarm Genetic Algorithm for Efficient Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is utilized in various fields, including military, health monitoring, domestic appliances, and weather forecasting. To fulfil the needs of these applications, a secure and reliable communication is crucial, which can be achieved through routing mechanisms. The routing protocols in WSNs can be broadly categorized into three types: flat, hierarchical, and location based. Currently, the cluster-based routing protocol has been gaining attention as a secure method for data transmission between WSN nodes. This paper presents a new approach, the Swarm Genetic Algorithm influenced Cluster-based Routing Protocol (SG-cluster-RP), which is more effective in managing energy and maintaining a balanced workload for prolonged network lifetime. By implementing an aggressive energy management strategy, the proposed SG-cluster-RP algorithm can reduce network failures, conserve energy, and improve spectral efficiency. Results show that compared to other existing algorithms, the proposed SG-cluster-RP provides an optimal solution for energy consumption and work overhead in routing paradigms.