Research on Fire Evacuation Strategies for Ultra-deep Metro Hubs

With the increasing urban travel, the demand for metros is rising. Some cities have developed deep and complex interchange hubs. Ultra-deep metro interchange hubs have characteristics such as high passenger flow, confined space, and multiple floors transfer, posing significant challenges to emergency management. Among various types of emergencies in metro hubs, fire accidents occur most frequently. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evacuation of personnel in the event of a fire accident in the ultra-deep metro interchange hub. In this study, based on the characteristics of the ultra-deep interchange hub, evacuation methods are designed according to fire development and passengers evacuation patterns. By integrating PyroSim, MassMotion, and the secondary development, the impact of toxic and harmful gases on passenger evacuation speed during the fire accident is simulated, thus modeling the passengers evacuation during emergency fire situations. Finally, through case analysis, safety evacuation strategies are formulated to verify the effectiveness and feasibility. This study provides reference for metro operators in formulating fire emergency plans.