Reaching Consensus on System-of-Systems Resilience Assurance: A Case of Mobility as a Service

Understanding and ensuring the resilience of the System of Systems (SoS) is a critical concern in SoS construction. This paper presents a framework to assure SoS resilience from a multi-stakeholder perspective. It begins by using System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) to identify properties within the SoS control structure that is related to resilience, starting from stakeholders’ potential losses. Subsequently, a consensus process model based on cooperative game is employed to facilitate stakeholder consensus on the requirements of these properties. The analysis process and consensus outcomes are organized and visualized using Goal Structuring Notation (GSN). To illustrate the proposed approach, Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is employed as a case study in this paper.