Design, and Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms of a Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna Based on Defective Ground Structure for Wireless Power Transmission Applications

This paper investigates an improved microstrip patch antenna array (MPAA) design using the defective ground structure (DGS) technique operating at a dual-band (at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz) in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band. This improved MPAA based on DGS contains two identical and symmetrical microstrip rectangular patches fed by an inset feed technique using a single microstrip feed line of each patch. The dimensions of each layer (radiating element, substrate, and ground) are calculated using the transmission line model coded in MATLAB software. Then, these dimensions are optimized based on the genetic algorithm (GA) technique which is available in CST MSW (computer simulation technology microwave studio). This novel MPAA design printed on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. The effectiveness of this optimized MPAA using GA is proved by the results obtained by CST software and confirmed by another software called HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) in terms of its high performance: coefficient reflection, voltage standing wave ratio, directivity, gain, efficiency, and dual-band functionality. The MPAA conception is effective in various wireless power transmission applications to supply different systems ecologically.