Autonomous Driving from an Architectural Perspective

As the sensor technology and reliability of the obstacle detection techniques advances automated driving is going to become the most pivotal technology that will be the birth of the next revolution in mobility industry. The impact of autonomous systems will no longer be limited to automobile industry, but to the mankind. Controversies, discussions, and ethical laws often correlated with the study of autonomous driving. This paper brings out several facets of autonomous driving and integrates them to give an overview of technical architecture of a self-driving car in both software and hardware domain. Case studies on current challenges, fatalities, high-end architectural design, and collaborative safety frameworks are comprehensively reviewed. We conclude by highlighting some challenges in the sensor fusion field, and propose possible future research revolving around perception, planning and control of the autonomous vehicles.