Summary

From the late 1980s until the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, the use of intratumoral administration of epinephrine to enhance the efficacy of cisplatin in the treatment of several types of cancer was investigated (Hirao et al. 1988; Monga et al. 2000; Werner et al. 2002; Guardiola et al. 2010). However, the opposite approaches are currently being investigated, namely, preventing the action of both epinephrine and norepinephrine on the tumor. In fact, research in the last decades has shown that both epinephrine and norepinephrine are substances that significantly promote cancer progression and metastasis.