Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Application in Plant Breeding

Next-generation sequencingNext-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has revolutionized the field of plant breedingPlant breeding by providing unprecedented insights into the plant genome. This advanced technique offers a high-throughput and cost-effective approach for characterizing genetic variationGenetic Variations, transcriptomicTranscriptomics profiling, and identifying key genomic regions associated with complex traits. In this chapter, we comprehensively review the various applications of NGS in plant breedingPlant breeding, highlighting their potential in accelerating the development of improved plant varieties. Also NGS enables the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), structural variations, and copy number variations, which are crucial for marker-assisted selection (MAS)Marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selectionGenomic selection (GS) (GS). Furthermore, the technology facilitates the discovery of novel genes and regulatory elements through transcriptomeTranscriptome sequencing, opening new avenues for enhancing plant productivity, stress tolerance, and nutritional value. Also, we will discuss the vital roles of first, second, third and fourth generation sequencing in advancing DNA sequencingDNA sequencing technologies. From the pioneering Sanger sequencingSanger sequencing to the latest sequencing technologies, each generation of sequencing has brought remarkable advancements, making genomic research more accessible and informative. The future of sequencing, represented by fourth-generation platforms, holds the promise of even more efficient, cost-effective, and versatile sequencing methods.