Medical Robots and Minimally Invasive Surgery Driven by Artificial Intelligence: MR&MIS AI

Medical robotics, a fusion of AI and machinery, revolutionizes healthcare by enhancing diagnostics, surgery and patient care. Reflecting on the evolution from ancient tools to contemporary robots highlights the crucial role of innovation in medical progress. As medicine enters the data-driven era, the synergy of AI and robots becomes indispensable for advancing healthcare. Robots are changing the work paradigm and are an opportunity to enhance the quality of surgical procedures and enable remote transmission of the surgeon’s work where medical assistance is necessary and the presence of a full medical team is impossible. The art of robotics is based on an intelligent combination of mechanical work and information management obtained by sensors. The less invasive the operation, the more important the role of artificial intelligence becomes. We have created tools that can learn during surgery, use diagnostic data during its execution, whose actions can be planned, whose knowledge may be based on data collected in the form of videos, signal data measured during other operations, case descriptions or updated medical standards. Tools that safely submit to the decision of the operator controlling them or can take over the role of decision-maker in situations defined by the operator (e.g. after losing communication between the control console and the robot) and perform agreed, permitted elements of the operation independently. This represents a novel system of robot–human collaboration, moving beyond the traditional master and slave model to a more integrated MR&MIS AI approach.