Pulmonary Effects of Propolis

Propolis, which continues to be a fascinating source of these chemicals, is related to several natural chemical substances that have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. These are just some of the natural chemical substances and their effects. The ever-increasing prevalence of respiratory tract infections brought on by a wide range of pathogenic viruses has led to the ongoing search for complementary methods of prevention and treatment that can be employed with medication. The characteristics of propolis could be of substantial value in preventing and treating respiratory tract illnesses caused by viruses. These viruses include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, influenza, parainfluenza, and rhinoviruses. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, has been one of the most significant challenges over the previous few years. In recent years, there has been a rise in research focused on the efficacy of various propolis formulations against SARS-CoV-2 as an adjuvant therapy for this infection. Several primary pathways of anti-SARS-CoV-2 action have been proven to be associated with propolis. One way is to inhibit the interaction between the S1 spike protein and the ACE-2 protein. Other mechanisms include reducing coronavirus particles and reducing viral replication through decreased RNA transcript production in cells.