Pharmacological Interventions for Maintaining Brain Health in Ageing

AgeingAgeing is the leading risk factor for neurodegenerative disordersNeurodegenerative disorders which affect about 15% population globally and contribute to physical and cognitive deficits. There are limited therapeutic options available to treat or prevent these disorders due to progressive nature of degenerative changes. Reduced regenerative changes, presence of inflammation, and dysfunctional blood brain barrier contributes to the complexity of brain healthBrain health maintenance. Current research focusses on development of senotherapeutic agentsSenotherapeutic agents that target the cellular senescenceSenescence (SnC). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists are being studied as neuroprotective agents in ageingAgeing brain. Various synthetic marketed PPAR agonistsPPAR agonists like Thiazolidinediones (TZD) and many natural compounds like flavonoids, cannabinoids, and fatty acids exhibiting PPAR agonistic activity are being studied to address brain healthBrain health. Due to the multifactorial aetiology and failure of drugs in Phase III clinical studies, drug repositioning is positively considered as an option. Therapeutic utility of probiotics is being explored now, as the correlation of gut health microbiome and the maintenance of homeostatic brain function is reported. Although there are only a few marketed pharmacological interventionsInterventions in maintaining brain healthBrain health in ageingAgeing, many disease modifying agentsDisease modifying agents acting on various targets are being studied in Phase III human clinical trials.