Diverse Applications of Graphene-Based Photocatalysts

Graphene-based photocatalysts (GBPs) offer versatile and sustainable applications across various disciplines. Unlike commonly used photocatalysts, GBPs, thanks to their exceptional structural and chemical properties, enhance photocatalysis efficiency and address the separation issue after degradation. This book chapter will delve into the expanding applications of GBPs, beyond the well-discussed areas of pollutant degradation, hydrogen generation, water splitting, and disinfection. It will highlight their pivotal role in converting CO2 into valuable fuels for sustainable energy solutions and improving photocatalyst stability in nanocomposites, notably in wastewater treatment and advanced energy storage. GBPs also excel in photocatalytic sensing and detection due to their conductivity and sensitivity to environmental changes. These applications will be discussed, showcasing their utility in real-time environmental monitoring and early disease diagnosis through selective analyte detection. In biomedical applications, GBPs offer precise drug delivery control, enable cancer cell destruction via photothermal therapy, and enhance early disease detection through advanced bioimaging. These topics will also be explored in this chapter. Challenges, including scalability and cost-effectiveness, especially in environmental remediation, are acknowledged. Ensuring safety in biomedical applications remains a priority. The chapter will conclude by underscoring the importance of continued research for enhanced GBP performance and cost-efficiency, novel applications, and deeper insights. It will highlight GBP's transformative potential across diverse industries, shaping a sustainable and innovative future.